The adipocytes are divided into two types depending on the distribution of two types of adipose tissue. They are also known as fat cells or adipose cells. The adipose tissue has a rich supply of blood vessels and unmyelinated nerve fibers.Īdipocytes are the building blocks of adipose tissue. The matrix consists of reticular fibers that are connected as a fine network that helps to hold and place the cells. The adipocytes and the stromal cells help in the production of the extracellular matrix. The adipocytes function is to support and protect the adipose tissue. The non-adipocytes combine to form a stromal vascular fraction. These cells are commonly called non-adipocyte cells. Including this there are other different kinds of cells, are fibroblasts, preadipocytes, capillary endothelial cells, macrophages, and stem cells. The main type of cells that are found are adipocytes. These cells are the most abundant and structural elements that are distributed throughout the small amount of the cellular matrix. The adipose tissue consists of cells and an extracellular matrix. Visceral fat is found surrounding the internal organs such as eyeballs or kidneys. Parietal fat is also called subcutaneous fat that is found present under the skin. The tissue that stores fat in our body is adipose tissue, this fat is distributed all over in two ways, they are: Production of a great number of bioactive factors.Īcts as an endocrine gland that is responsible for the production of hormones. It is a metabolic organ that helps in the regulation of homeostasis. Adipose tissue comprises multiple nerve cells and blood vessels in addition to fat cells, storing and releasing energy to fuel the body as well as releasing critical hormones essential to the body's needs.īased on the location they are present, it is divided into two types, they are visceral fat and parietal fat.īased on the structure, it can be divided into, white adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue.Īlong with the storage of fat cells, these cells help to perform different functions such as: The adipose tissue’s main function is to store energy in the form of fat. In a healthy person, 20 to 25% of total body weight is composed of fat tissue. The specialized type of connective tissue consists of fat or lipid cells called adipocytes. These subclasses can further be divided as follows: The connective tissue has two different subclasses, they are loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue. There are four different kinds of tissues in animals, they are: The group of cells which have a similar structure and function that acts together to perform the desired function are called tissues. So, let us start with what the adipose tissue in the coming section: The following article covers various aspects of adipose tissue, such as its types, structure, location, and function. These comprise lipid storage droplets, which contain triacylglycerol and vary in size depending on the amount of stored fat. Adipose tissue is composed primarily of adipocytes or fat cells. It is a source of several hormones, including leptin, estrogen and resistin. The differentiation abilities of ADSCs should be evaluated before their transplantation for repairing cisplatin-induced tissue damage.Adipose tissue is a complex, essential, and highly active metabolic and endocrine organ. In conclusion, cisplatin affects the viability, proliferation, and differentiation of ADSCs both in vitro and in vivo via certain signaling pathways, such as p53 and Fas/FasL. Finally, ADSCs from one donor who had received cisplatin showed significantly decreased adipogenic differentiation but increased osteogenic differentiation compared with ADSCs derived from one healthy donor. Quantitative RT-PCR was also used in evaluating expression of specific genes to confirm differentiation. Upon differentiation by adding specific reagents, a significant decrease in adipogenic differentiation (by Oil red O staining) and osteogenic differentiation (by Alizarin red staining), and significant chondrogenic differentiation (by Alcian blue staining) were found after cisplatin treatment. ADSCs maintained mesenchymal stem cell surface markers after cisplatin treatment, as determined by flow cytometry. Proliferation of ADSCs, as assessed by the XTT method, decreased immediately after treatment with various concentrations of cisplatin. First, the IC50 concentration of cisplatin was evaluated. This study found that a high concentration of cisplatin affects the viability of ADSCs. However, the effects of cisplatin on ADSCs remain elusive. Cisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapy drug for cancer patients. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are derived from adipose tissue and can be induced in vitro to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondroblasts, myocytes, neurons, and other cell types.
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